O'Leary, Z. (2004) The Essential Guide to Doing Research. London: Sage. Page 36.

Phrasing Your Topic as a Research Question

Are you looking for answers? Your research becomes much easier when you know the question.

Start by writing out your topic as a question. You often have to write out your question many times from different perspectives before you can settle on what it is you want to research. Having trouble forming your topic into a question? Fill in the blanks of the following sentence to help you discover your question:
A) I am studying …_____________________________________________________________________________________________
(B) in order to find out … ________________________________________________________________________________________
(C) in order to help my reader understand … ________________________________________________________________________

Then Combine ABC to create a Question (D)
(D) Research Question: … _______________________________________________________________________________________

Adapted from: HOW DO I CREATE RESE ARCH QUESTIONS?

Select your Variables:

Once you have your question, you can pull out your Independent and Dependent variables.

Independent Variable X= Smoking ban

Dependent Variable Y= Smoking cessation 

What are Independent and Dependent Variables?

Independent Variable is a variable (often denoted by x) whose variation does not depend on that of another.

Dependent Variable is a variable (often denoted by y) whose value depends on that of another.